• • • • • Standards based reliability prediction is a methodology for predicting the reliability of a product by using failure rate estimates published in globally recognized standards. It is usually conducted during the concept and design phase of product development, where test data are not yet available. With the release of Version 9, now supports four reliability prediction standards: MIL-HDBK-217F, Bellcore/Telcordia (SR-332), NSWC-07 and FIDES. This article focuses on the Bellcore/Telcordia standard.

We will present an overview of the four versions of the standard that are supported by the software, and then give an example that uses the latest version of the standard, Telcordia SSR-332 Issue 3. Bellcore/Telcordia Standards The Telcordia reliability prediction procedure has a long and distinguished history of use in the telecommunications and electronics industry. During the past fifteen years, four versions of the standard have been published: • Bellcore TR-332 Issue 6 (1997) • Telcordia SR-332 Issue 1 (2001) • Telcordia SR-332 Issue 2 (2006) • Telcordia SR-332 Issue 3 (2011) Each new version modifies the previous edition based on new data. Telcordia Issue 1 made minor changes and updated the device failure rates published in Bellcore TR-332.

In Telcordia Issue 2, several new devices were introduced and the generic device failure rates were updated. In addition, the standard deviation of the generic failure rate for each device was provided so calculations for the upper confidence bound of the failure rate were made possible. Telcordia Issue 3, the latest version of the standard, introduced several major changes to Issue 2, including: • For many components, the generic device failure rates and their standard deviations were revised based on new data. • New data for fiber optic transceivers, hard drives and ferrite beads. • Extended range of complexity for several devices.

• Updated formulas and FIT rates for integrated circuits. • New temperature curves for miscellaneous devices. • New levels for the environmental factor. With the release of Version 9, ReliaSoft’s Lambda Predict software allows you to choose any of these versions for your standards based reliability predictions.

Three Methods to Calculate Failure Rates Depending on the amount of data available, the Bellcore/Telcordia standards provide three methods to predict failure rates: • Method I (also known as the Black Box method) uses the generic failure rates defined by the Bellcore/Telcordia standard. • Method II allows you to supplement Method I with real data that you've obtained from testing. • Method III allows you to supplement Method I with real data that you've obtained from an identical or similar item operating in the field.

Do I need to buy the Telcordia SR-332 or MIL-HDBK-217 handbooks? If you are using the RelCalc for Windows software, our documentation, help screens, and technical support should normally be sufficient to help you do your reliability prediction work. Note that we do not sell the actual handbooks; if you want to buy.

In Lambda Predict, this method is broken down into the following cases: • Method III (a) indicates that the item in the prediction folio and the fielded item are identical, and are used under the same environmental conditions. • Use Method III (b) indicates that the item in the prediction folio and the fielded item are identical, but are used under different environmental conditions. • Use Method III (c) indicates that the item in the prediction folio and the fielded item are similar, but not identical.

You will be required to define the failure rate of the fielded item. In Lambda Predict, Methods II and III can be applied at both the device and unit levels; while Method I can be applied at the device, unit and/or system level. Example Super Electronic Inc. Has redesigned one of its LED lighting controller products. Reliability engineer Amy is given the task of conducting the reliability prediction for the new prototype.

The goal is to estimate the following metrics: • Failure rate and MTBF of the system • 95% upper confidence bound on the failure rate. Amy will use ReliaSoft's Lambda Predict software with the Telcordia Issue 3 prediction standard to perform the analysis. New Order Remastered Rar.

First, she studies the electronic circuit, and then groups the devices according to their functions: dimmer detection, dimmer control and pulse width modulation (PWM) generation. Next, she uses Lambda Predict to build the system configuration. The following picture shows the resulting system hierarchy of the LED lighting controller system. Next, Amy defines the properties of each block and component in the system, using information she obtained from specification sheets. For example, the following picture shows the properties for the Dimmer Detection block. It shows that the Method I approach is used to calculate the failure rate of the unit and its devices (and because Method I assumes that no reliability data are available for the unit or for its devices, the Lab Test Data and Field Data fields become unavailable). When Amy has entered all of the required inputs for the Telcordia prediction, the system hierarchy shows that the overall failure rate of the system is 139.0415 failures in a billion operating hours (FITs), the MTBF is 7,192,100 hours and the upper confidence bound for the failure rate is 156.6884 FITs, as shown next.

Amy knows that she could incorporate any available lab testing data and field data to modify the generic failure rates and make the prediction more accurate. She checks the previous design of the product and finds that the daughter board, which contains the PWM generation assembly, is exactly the same assembly that was used in the previous version of the product. The warranty data of the previous design show that 3,000 products were used in the field for a period of one year, and 5 of the failures were due to a malfunctioning daughter board. To incorporate this data into the analysis, Amy changes the method used for the PMW Generation block to Method III (a) - Unit.

She then enters the following information under the Field Data heading: Field Time = 26,280,000 hours (i.e., 3,000 products * 8,760 hours per year) and Number of Failures = 5, as shown next. When she has entered the field data, the system hierarchy shows that the predicted failure rate of the PWM generation block increased from 63.5237 FITs to 121.1820 FITs. The overall failure rate of the system also increased from 139.0415 FITs to 196.6999 FITs. Conclusion In this article, we briefly discussed the differences between the four different versions of the Bellcore/Telcordia standards. The latest version of the standard, Telcordia SSR-332 Issue 3, reflects the current electronic technologies and is therefore the recommended version to use when performing new Telcordia predictions.

The Bellcore/Telcordia prediction standard allows you to incorporate test data or field data into the prediction in order to obtain more accurate results. Depending on the available data, the modified failure rate could either be larger or smaller than the result obtained from a generic failure rate. Copyright ©, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Telcordia / Bellcore ITEM ToolKit Module Telcordia Electronic Reliability Prediction US Commercial Telecommunication Standard TR-332 Issue 6 / SR-332 Issue 1 The Telcordia Module of ITEM ToolKit calculates the reliability prediction of electronic equipment based on the Telcordia (Bellcore) TR-332 and SR-332 standards. These standards use a series of models for various categories of electronic, electrical and electro-mechanical components to predict steady-state failure rates which environmental conditions, quality levels, electrical stress conditions and various other parameters affect. It provides predictions at the component level, system level or project level for COTS (Commercial Off-The-Shelf Parts). The models allow reliability prediction to be performed using three methods for predicting product reliability: • Method I: Parts Count • Method II: Combines Method I predictions with laboratory data • Method III: Predictions based on field data The Telcordia standard also documents a recommended method for predicting serial system hardware reliability. It contains instructions for suppliers to follow when providing predictions of their device, unit, or serial system reliability.

It can also be used directly by telecommunications service providers for product reliability evaluation. Device and unit failure rate predictions generated using this procedure are applicable for commercial electronic products whose physical design, manufacture, installation, and reliability assurance practices meet the appropriate Telcordia (or equivalent) generic and product-specific requirements. Download Demonstration To download a free demonstration of our Telcordia software. La Chevaliere Seth Gueko Download Free.

Features Powerful and user friendly Telcordia telecom standard reliability prediction software Combine prediction methods for complex analysis Optimize designs to meet targeed goals Select components with regard to reliability and cost savings Be more accurate and efficient than with manual methods Take advantage of powerful 'what if' analytical tools Identify weakareas in a system design Build and open multiple systems and projects files Drag and drop components and systems between projects Powerful charting facilities.